General The primary energy sources for the production of electricity have been based on the combustion of fossil fuels (coal, oil, and natural gas) to produce steam to drive turbines. Alternatively, rivers are impounded to...
Superconducting Magnetic Energy Storage – Electricity (dc) can be stored in magnetic fields, wherein the energy stored is proportional to the inductance times the square of the current. An energy storage system based on...
Flywheels : Mechanical energy may be stored in the form of kinetic or potential energy. A flywheel, in essence, is a mechanical battery simply mass rotating about an axis. Although the use of the flywheel as a kinetic energy...
Batteries : The most traditional of all energy storage for power system is the electrochemical energy storage (EES). The major classification can be made in three categories. They are primary batteries, secondary batteries, and...
Solar electric or PV systems convert some of the energy in sunlight directly into electricity. PV cells are made primarily of silicon, the second most abundant element in the earth’s crust and the same semiconductor material...
The method known as SCADA has long been used to control transmission systems, providing the operational flexibility and speed required for efficient and reliable performance. The use of SCADA in the distribution system is...
After World War II, the drive to electrify the remaining rural and sparsely populated areas of the United States was renewed. Providing fully rated circuit breakers for switching loaded circuits was frequently beyond budget...
Sources : In circuit analysis, the goal is to start with a connected set of circuit elements such as resistors, capacitors, operational amplifiers, and other devices, and to find the voltages across and currents through each...
Definition of Electric Circuit : An electric circuit is a collection of electrical devices and components connected together for the purpose of processing information or energy in electrical form. An electric circuit may be...
GEO is also called as geosynchronous (or synchronous) orbits, which has 24 hour period of revolution but are inclined with respect to equator. Orbits that are below a mean altitude of about 36,000 km have periods of revolution...
