The Internet Protocol (IP) is the transmission mechanism used by the TCP/IP protocols at the network layer. Figure shows the position of IP in the suite. IP is an unreliable and connectionless datagram protocol a best effort...
Category - Computer Science
Delivery The network layer supervises the handling of the packets by the underlying physical networks. We define this handling as the delivery of a packet. The delivery of a packet to its final destination is accomplished using...
As we discussed before, the IP addresses were originally designed with two levels of addressing. To reach a host on the Internet, we must first reach the network and then the host. It soon became clear that we need more than two...
Two level addressing : The whole purpose of IPv4 addressing is to define a destination for an Internet packet (at the network layer). When classful addressing was designed, it was assumed that the whole Internet is divided into...
The network layer is designed as a packet switched network. This means that the packet at the source is divided into manageable packets, normally called datagrams. Individual datagrams are then transferred from the source to the...
Wireless communication is one of the fastest-growing technologies. The demand for connecting devices without the use of cables is increasing everywhere. Wireless LANs can be found on college campuses, in office buildings, and in...
In this section we briefly describe the functions of each layer in the OSI model. Physical Layer The physical layer coordinates the functions required to carry a bit stream over a physical medium. It deals with the mechanical and...
Established in 1947, the International Standards Organization (ISO) is a multinational body dedicated to worldwide agreement on international standards. Almost three-fourths of countries in the world are represented in the ISO...
Cerf and Kahn’s landmark 1973 paper outlined the protocols to achieve end-to-end delivery of data. This was a new version of NCP. This paper on transmission control protocol (TCP) included concepts such as encapsulation, the...
Terminology in Computer Networking AIMD – Additive Increase, Multiplicative Decrease. A rate adaption algorithm used notably by TCP where a host additively increases its transmission rate when the network is not congested...
